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Karl Mannheim (March 27, 1893 – January 9, 1947), or Károly Mannheim in the original writing of his name, was a Hungarian-born sociologist, influential in the first half of the 20th century and one of the founding fathers of classical sociology as well as a founder of the sociology of knowledge. In 1921, Mannheim married professor and psychologist "Juliska" Károlyné Julia Lang, better known as Julia Lang.〔Sica, Alan. "Social Thought: From the Enlightenment to the Present." pp. 433-441. Pennsylvania State University.〕 ==Life== Mannheim was born in Budapest, the only child of a textile manufacturer,〔 and studied there as well as in Berlin, Paris and Heidelberg. At the University of Budapest, he earned a doctorate in philosophy.〔Ryan, Michael. 'Karl Mannheim', Encyclopedia of Social Theory, pp. 469.〕 In 1914 he attended lectures by Georg Simmel. During the brief period of the Hungarian Soviet, in 1919, he taught in a teacher training school thanks to the patronage of his friend and mentor György Lukács,〔Karácsony, A. (2008). 'Soul–life–knowledge: The young Mannheim’s way to sociology', Studies in East European Thought. 60 (1/2), pp. 97-115.〕 whose political conversion to Communism, however, had not been shared with.〔Longhurst, Brian (1989).Karl Mannheim and the Contemporary Sociology of Knowledge, New York: St Martins Press, pp. 1-197.〕 After the emergence of the Kingdom of Hungary, Mannheim chose exile in Germany. In Germany Mannheim moved from Freiburg to Heidelberg, and in 1921 he married psychologist Julia Lang.〔 From 1922 to 1925 he worked in Heidelberg under the German sociologist Alfred Weber, brother of the well-known sociologist Max Weber.〔Werner, S. (1967). 'Karl Mannheim', Encyclopedia of Philosophy, pp. 1.〕 In 1926 Mannheim satisfied the requirements to teach classes in sociology at Heidelberg. In 1930 he became a professor of sociology and political economy at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main.〔Norbert Elias and Hans Gerth worked as his assistants during this period (from spring 1930 until spring 1933) with Elias as the senior partner. Greta Kuckhoff also worked for him, leaving in 1933 to study at the London School of Economics (LSE) and prepare for Mannheim's emigration there.〔Bernd-Rainer Barth, Helmut Müller-Enbergs: (Biographische Datenbanken: Kuckhoff, Greta ) Bundesunmittelbare Stiftung des öffentlichen Rechts. ''Wer war wer in der DDR?'', 5th edition, Volume 1 Ch. Links Verlag, Berlin (2010). ISBN 978-3-86153-561-4 〕 In 1933, after being ousted from his professorship, he fled the Nazi regime and settled in Britain where he was adopted as a lecturer in Sociology at the London School of Economics. In 1941, Sir Fred Clarke, Director of the Institute of Education, University of London, invited him to teach sociology on a part-time basis in conjunction with his role at LSE. In January 1946 he took up the full-time chair of education at the Institute of Education, which he held until his death in London a year later at the age of 53. During his time in England, Mannheim played a central role in 'The Moot', a Christian think-tank concerned with the role of culture in society, which was convened by J. H. Oldham.〔()〕 Mannheim’s life, one of intellectual and geographical migration, falls into three main phases: Hungarian (to 1919), German (1919–1933), British (1933–1947). Among his valued intellectual sources were György Lukács, Oszkár Jászi, Georg Simmel, Martin Heidegger, Edmund Husserl, Karl Marx, Alfred and Max Weber, Max Scheler, and Wilhelm Dilthey. In his work, he sought variously to synthesize elements derived from German historicism, Marxism, phenomenology, sociology, and Anglo-American pragmatism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Karl Mannheim」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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